(PO70) Biological and Chemical Properties of 2-in-1 Calcium-chelating and Antibacterial Root Canal Irrigants

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate three 2-in-1 root canal irrigating solutions, including QMix, SmearOFF, and Irritrol, for their capacity for canal wall smear layer removal, irrigant interactions, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity. Forty single-rooted teeth were mechanically instrumented and irrigated with QMix, SmearOFF, Irritrol, or 0.9% saline. Smear layer removal was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Precipitation after interaction of the irrigating solutions with sodium hypochlorite was investigated. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the irrigants against Enterococcus faecalisbiofilms. Neutral red and clonogenic assays were performed on Chinese hamster V79 cells to evaluate the short-term and long-term cytotoxicity of the irrigants. There was no significant difference between QMix and SmearOFF in eliminating smear layers from the coronal-third and middle-third of the canal spaces. In the apical-third, SmearOFF removed smear layers effectively. Irritrol incompletely removed smear layers from all canal-thirds. Precipitation was evident only with Irritrol when mixed with NaOCl. QMix demonstrated a higher E. faecalis cell death percentage and a smaller biovolume. SmearOFF exhibited a larger decrease in biovolume compared with Irritrol, although Irritrol had a higher death percentage. Irritrol was more cytotoxic than the other irrigants on a short-term interval. In terms of long-term cytotoxicity, both Irritrol and QMix were cytotoxic. QMix and SmearOFF performed better in smear layer removal and antimicrobial activity. QMix and Irritrol were cytotoxic when compared to SmearOFF. Precipitation only occurred with Irritrol.