(TC73) Predictable Calcium Hydroxide Application in Teeth With Open Apices and in Teeth in Close Proximity to Vital Structure

Abstract: Calcium hydroxide is a widely utilized inter-appointment intracanal medicament in the field of endodontics, esteemed for its antimicrobial properties, capacity to inhibit root resorption, and promotion of hard tissue formation. It boasts a high pH, approximately 12, with its beneficial effects stemming from the release of calcium and hydroxyl ions upon interaction with vital tissues. Despite its minimal adverse effects, instances of complications have emerged, particularly when calcium hydroxide is inadvertently extruded beyond the root canal boundaries. This is of concern when roots are proximate to essential anatomical structures, such as the inferior alveolar or mental nerves, due to its cytotoxic nature. Applying calcium hydroxide to the full working length without causing over-extrusion poses a significant challenge, notably in teeth exhibiting immature roots or open apices. The objective of this presentation is to explore reliable methods for the application of calcium hydroxide in scenarios involving teeth with open apices, aiming to mitigate the risk of over-extrusion.