(PO123) An Evaluation of Treatment Outcomes of Regenerative Endodontics, Apexification, and Modified Apexification: A Retrospective Study

Abstract:
Current endodontic treatment options for immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp/apical periodontitis include apexification (APX), modified apexification (MAX), and regenerative endodontic procedures (REP). The primary objective of this retrospective study was to investigate and compare root development and apical closure of teeth treated with APX, REP, and MAX. The secondary objective was to investigate patient and treatment variables that could affect the outcomes of these procedures, such as etiology, periapical diagnosis, patient age relative to the timing of root formation, use of Ca(OH)₂ vs. antibiotic paste, and the number of treatment sessions. Eligible subjects receiving treatments at NYUCD from 2014 to 2020 between the ages of 6 and 70, who had completed at least one 6-month follow-up assessment, were included (n=230). Currently, data analysis has been conducted by two postgraduate students for 85 out of 230 cases with an inter-rater reliability of 0.979. Preliminary results comparing all treatment modalities show: 1) treatments completed in ≤3 appointments resulted in significantly higher amounts of root area increase (p < .05); 2) if treatment was performed before the stage of root completion, the age of the patient was significantly associated with the amount of root closure (p = .008). However, if treatment was performed after the stage of root completion, then the age of the patient was not associated with the amount of root closure (p = .772). Our results indicate that the stage of root formation and the number of appointments play an important role in apical closure.